Monday, October 7, 2019
CISG Contract , Goodscan Contract Fact Pattern Assignment
CISG Contract , Goodscan Contract Fact Pattern - Assignment Example This condition applies if offeree gets the withdrawal before the offer or at the same time like the offer. Goodson is the offeror, in the case being analyzed, while Hospitex is the offeree. There is an offer from Goodscan to sell Hospitex five X-ray machines. A negotiator from Goodscan travels to Toronto to make an offer to the CEO of Hospitex. Terms of the offer are two hundred thousand Canadian dollars for 5 x-ray machines. Hospitex (offeree) accepts the offer but on a condition that Goodscan includes a clause stating that incase of any conflicts in future the two parties will use Canadian law to resolve it. It is evident there is an offer and an acceptance from the offeree, but there are additions that constitutes to a counter offer according since the offeree agree to the offer on condition that the clause is included (Ramberg 5). A mutual agreement refers to a contract that is agreeable to both parties. Article 29 clarifies that a mere agreement of both parties can be initiated to either modify or terminate a contract (Ramberg 6). The two parties agreeing to enter into an agreement are capable of performing specific duties of the contract against each other. Ramberg (6) says each of the both parties may be precluded by each otherââ¬â¢s conduct from asserting certain provisions to a point whereby the other party has respectively relied on the otherââ¬â¢s conduct respectively. Any contract can be a mutual contract, as long as it binds two parties. In this case, the contract between the two parties is mutualistic in that Goodscan should deliver the goods and the offeree (Hospitex) should pay the agreed fee to Goodscan. Both parties, according to the contract, have something to benefit from each other. Consideration is typically a concept of legal value in relation to contracts. It involves valuable goods promised to each other in a contract. It takes the form of physical objects,
Sunday, October 6, 2019
Risk Management model for Mitigation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Risk Management model for Mitigation - Essay Example However, there is an effective method of developing a records management system: first, it is crucial to determine the risks associated with the system. After identifying them, then determine the probability of the riskââ¬â¢s occurrence. After the riskââ¬â¢s occurrence capability, the potential impact of the risk should be analyzed. Next, each risk should have a response (mitigation) to counter it, if it occurs. This will lead the management to establish risk controls that can apply in suppressing the occurrence of risks, and finally, it is important and critical to keep track of the risk controls through measuring effectiveness, and monitoring them closely (Rush & Vednere, 2014). Taking the U.S. Department of Education as a case study, the following steps can apply in reducing the risks associated with records management (ââ¬Å"Module A1: School Recordsâ⬠, 2014). There should be: Some records management projects collapse due to ignorance of the managing parties to figure out signs that indicate danger. Such include poor scoping of duties, roles and objectives, improper communication within the project, lack of a strong project manager, failure to weigh input and output metrics, a weak contingency or assessing plan, and losing track of the overall objectives (Haughney, 2014). These signs, if put into consideration, are a sure way of avoiding failure in a data management project. This is in regards to your recent letter requesting for an insight into the importance of our risk-based approach to effective record management. We are interested in advising our clients on quality services. Our model of records management works by highlighting the risks that your company might face in the practice and comes up with means of preventing, countering, or minimizing their potential effects. In addition, it comes with a monitoring and evaluation mechanism, hence enabling prediction of oncoming events (cite). This
Saturday, October 5, 2019
Marketing Segmentation - Demographic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words
Marketing Segmentation - Demographic - Essay Example The inclinations of the consumers are different for the same goods and services produced in the economy. Thus, it becomes crucial to categorize or segregate the buyers possessing same characteristic features of tastes and preferences. This process of grouping buyers in terms of several common determinants is known as market segmentation (Wind and Douglas, 1972). Market Segmentation It is believed by many scholars that market segmentation is an alternative of product differentiation. In todayââ¬â¢s world, market segmentation plays a vital role for formulating all marketing strategies adopted by a firm. It creates different samples of buyers with same type of demand patterns that helps a company in designing separate marketing plans for each group and thereby facilitates them to win over customer loyalty for all the divisions. A particular market can be divided or categorized according to psychological, demographics, geographic and behavioral determinants. A proper marketing mix for mulated by a firm would help it to suffice the demands of each segment separately, in an economic and efficient manner. This paper will implicitly explain the concept of market segmentation based on demographics (McDonald, 2012). ... raphic determinants, an organization can create excellent strategies of marketing that would help it to park potential customer base in its retail segment. It becomes very convenient to apply demographic methodology of market segmentation because it is easy to calculate the demographic variables during the procedure of market segmentation. Moreover, the factors on the basis of which demographic market segmentation is introduced can generally be used for almost all the products (Tyan, 1987). Life-cycle and Age It is analyzed by the economists that the nature of demand created by a buyer changes with age and time in the life-cycle process. The companies while making their business plans target consumers on the basis of age to sell their manufactured products. If a firm produces land line telephones, then it should realize that the potential buyers of such a product would be consumers of age group 60 years and above. This is because the old consumers will have less skill to use modern c omplicated technologies in the mobile phones. On the other hand, it would be wrong on the part of the company to analyze that the buyers of landline phones would be young in age in general. So the market is segmented on the basis of landline and mobile phones, age and life-cycle becomes a vital mode of market segmentation (Hoek, Gendall, and Esslemont, 1995). Gender There is a significant difference in the likings of men and women. Thus, while marketing a product a company must first segregate the marketplace on the basis of sex. Men and women possess separate attitudes about same type of a commodity. Companies dealing with cosmetics, magazines etc should always segment their market while launching marketing strategies and plans. Like, if a company desires to sell a foundation base in
Friday, October 4, 2019
Women in Psychology Essay Example for Free
Women in Psychology Essay Modern Psychology has been formed mainly by men during the 19th and 20th century, men like Wilhelm Wundt, Henri Bergson, and Sigmund Freud, major philosophers of the era include Franz Gall, Francis Galton, and William James. During these times women were not taken seriously in psychology; it took strong, pioneering women, such as Margaret Floy Washburn, Karen Horney, Mary Calkins, and Mary Cover Jones to bridge the gap in this male- dominated field of science. Mary Cover Jones looked at what others had studied, and rethought how to make the science better; she is known as the ââ¬Å"Mother of Behavior Therapyâ⬠(Nevid Pastva, 2011, p. ), and contributions to psychology. Mary Cover Jones background Mary Cover was born in Johnstown Pennsylvania, in 1897. Always wanting knowledge she attended Vassar College, graduating in 1919. Mary took every psychology course offered with the exception of one. Mary Floy Washburnââ¬â¢s senior seminar in psychology do to Washburn disallowing Mary because of a middle of the road grade received in a laboratory course her sophomore year (Mary Cover Jones (1897-1987), n. d. ). After graduating from Vassar, Mary Cover began her graduate work at Columbia University and received her Masterââ¬â¢s degree in the summer of 1920. While attending Columbia she met and married Harold Jones a fellow graduate and who the Harold E. Jones Children Study Center at Berkley University is named after. In 1923 Mary Cover Jones was appointed Associate in Psychological Research at the Institute of Education Research, Columbia University College Teachers College (Mary Cover Jones (1897-1987), n. d. ). Here is where she started her most famous study of Peter and his fear of furry animals. Peter and the rabbit In 1920, Mary Cover Jones attended a lecture given by John B. Watson on a child named ââ¬Å"Albertâ⬠who was conditioned to be afraid of anything with fur due to scaring ââ¬Å"Albertâ⬠with loud sounds whenever the infant reached for a white rat. While listing to the charismatic Watson, Mary wondered if Watsonââ¬â¢s learning approach could be used to remove children fears (Nevid Pastva, 2011, p. 1). In 1924 Mary was introduced to Peter, a three-year-old that had a natural fear of furry animals. Adapting from Dr. Watsonââ¬â¢s study Mary observed Peter at play in his crib, introduced a white rabbit and noticed Peter cry and flail until the rabbit was removed. Throughout her study Mary tried to introduce things Peter liked along with the rabbit to see if she could condition Peter into embracing the rabbit instead of afraid. With the other stimuli, (food) being added as the rabbit was introduced into Peterââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"spaceâ⬠Mary was able to bring the rabbit closer and closer until the rabbit sat on Peters lap as he ate. This counterconditioning of Peters fear not only removed his fear of Rabbits but also other fears such as, cotton, a fur coat, and Feathers (Nevid Pastva, 2011, p. 1). Contributions to psychology Peter may have been what Mary Cover Jones was most famous for, but she did much more for psychology among those are on how early and late maturation in adolescence effect personality, personality antecedents of drinking problems (Logan, 1980, 103). Mary was instrumental in her husband, Harold E.à Jones, establishment of the institute for Child Welfare at the University of California, Berkley. Mary became involved with the Oakland Growth Study where she followed a group of 200 fifth and sixth grade students from puberty to adolescences. Several follow-up studies have been done on these children as they entered adulthood. Mary Cover jones became a full professor in 1959 and in 1960 she served as president of the Division of Developmental Psychology of the American Psychological Association. That same year her husband passed away of a heart attack (Rutherford, n. . ). Conclusion Mary Cover Jonesââ¬â¢ study of Peter challenged the predominate belief at the time that treatment of the underlying psychological conflicts rather than overt behavior is necessary to accomplish change. Her work proved that behavior can be changed through therapy and regardless of where a fear roots stem from, positive results can be achieved. Mary Cover Jones lived to be 91, and according to her sister her last words were ââ¬Å"I am still learning about what is important in lifeâ⬠(Rutherford, n. d. ).
Thursday, October 3, 2019
Roles and Functions of Social Workers in England and Wales
Roles and Functions of Social Workers in England and Wales Introduction The definition of social work is very complex and controversial. There is no generally accepted definition of what social work is. Social work sits within the broader range of the social care sphere. (Horner, 2003, p.2) There are three views of social work. The first is the reflexive-therapeutic views. This view sees social work as seeking the best possible well being for individuals, groups and communities in society. (Payne, 1997, p.4) The other view is the socialist-collectivist views; this view sees social work as seeking cooperation and mutual support in society so that oppressed and disadvantaged people can gain power over their own lives. (Payne, 1997, p.4) The last view is the individualist-reformist views. This view sees social work as an aspect of welfare services to individuals in society. (Payne, 1997, p.4) There is a general consensus amongst writers that the three different views are present within the social work discourse. (Payne, 1997, p.6) The International Association of Schools of Social Work and the International Federation of Social Workers defined social work as a profession that, ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢promotes social change, problem solving in human relationships and the empowerment and liberation of people to enhance well beingsocial work intervenes at the points where people interact with their environment. Principles of human rights and social justice are fundamental to social work ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Citied in Horner, 2003, p.2) Another definition of social work that was propounded by the former minister for health, Jacqui Smith is as follows, ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢social work is a very practical job. It is about protecting people and changing their lives, not about being able to give a fluent and theoretical explanation of why they got in to difficulties in the first place .New degree courses must ensure that theory and research directly informs and supports practice. The requirements for social training work set out the minimum standards for entry to social work degree courses and for the teaching and assessment that social work students must receive ââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Horner, 2003, p.2) The major difference between these two definitions is that the first definition fails to emphasise the control element of social work practice, which involves the use of legislation by the state to intervene and protect vulnerable children and young people who are at risk, to enforce mental health treatment and services and to pr otect vulnerable older people. (Horner, 2003, p.3) The second definition focuses on social work as a ââ¬Ërational technical activity and its inherent anti-intellectualismââ¬â¢. (Horner, 2003, p.3) This essay will examine the current roles and functions of social workers in England and Wales. Key roles and skills of social workers A lot is expected from social workers. Society expects social workers to protect and care for citizens deemed in need of protection and care and at the same time to care and protect the community as a whole. (Horner, 2003, p.5) A social worker is employed by the local authority, on behalf of the state and has to work within the confines and constraints of the law. (Horner, 2003, p.4) A social worker must at all times been conversant with relevant legislation and procedure and must abide to them. The social worker is always faced with balancing the rights of vulnerable individuals to fulfil their wishes, whilst at the same time carrying out the stateââ¬â¢s need to protect all vulnerable people, sometimes by restricting rights and liberty of others. (Horner, 2003, p.4) Generally, a social worker is there to give help and support to people who are going through a difficult patch in their lives. A social worker has to ensure that the rights of service users are identified and promoted. (Lymbery and Postle, 2007, p.23) A social worker is a paid professional, ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢who aims to assist people in overcoming serious difficulties in their lives by providing care, protection or counselling or through social support, advocacy and community workââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Collins, 2006, p.516) The role of a social worker is to assist people who are socially excluded from society and are experiencing difficulties in their lives, to get back on their feet. The process of social exclusion revolves around five components: poverty and low income; lack of access to the job market; lack of social support and networks; the overall condition of the local neighbourhood; and exclusion from services. (Collins, 2006, p.505) The role of the social worker is to tackle social exclusion and promote social inclusion. The social worker needs to address approach to practice that will effectively strengthen social networks, maximise options for income and ensure that services are more accessible. (Collins, 2006, p.505) Social workers have specific legal duties that distinguish them from other groups. A social worker investigates allegations of child abuse. A social worker can apply where necessary and appropriate for a person to be detained in hospital, when his or her mental state presents a risk of harm to self or to other members of the public. A social worker also supervises children in care of the local authority. (Thompson, 2000, p.2) A social worker requires skills in making assessments personally or jointly with service users and their families in order to discover the strengths, needs and preferred need for each particular service user. The social worker needs to treat each service user as a unique individual and accord the service user the respect he or she deserves. A social worker should be skilled and knowledgeable on how to handle hostile and aggressive situations, without putting her safety or the service user at risk. Most importantly, knowledge of the law, policies and regulations affecting social work practice must be mastered by the social worker. A social worker is charged with caring for the entire community by protecting and promoting the welfare of the community as well as that of the individual. This might mean enforcing some elements of control over an individual. This at times leads to conflicts and tensions as the social worker is caught in between the community and the individual. (Thompson, 2000, p.3) Social workers work with young people and their families as well as the elderly. Social work is divided in to adult services and Children services. Adult services includes, working with people with mental health problems or learning disability. Adult services can also include working with people in residential care, working with offenders in the community or working with the elderly. Children and family social work, is a branch of social work, where the social worker provides assistance and advice to keep families together. It can also involve work in childrenââ¬â¢s home or providing support to younger people leaving care. I will focus on children and families social work. Social work with children and families spans a wide range of activities primarily directed at protecting the child. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.15) It is often a very controversial and volatile area because of the state interference with family life. The government has introduced a lot of policy and organisational changes in children and family services in recent years that have greatly changed the terrain of children and family social work. The 1989 and 2004 Children Acts as well as key policy document such as Department for Education and Skills 2003, Department of Health and Department for Education and Skills 2004 and Secretary of State for Health 2003, have all combined to create a role for social workers which combines contributing to the assessment of the needs of children and young people, protecting them from harm and consulting with other relevant agencies to deliver services that promotes the childrenââ¬â¢s well being and s afety in partnership with the social workers and their families. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.15) Social work within the social policy frame work Collins defined social policy as, ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢government policy in the area of welfare, and the academic study of its development, implementation and impactââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢ (Collins, 2006, p.507) Modern social work is no longer based on the poor law parish structure, but is governed by legislation and delivered through local government structures, however, some voluntary sector organisations, many of which have their origins in the established and non-conformist churches still provide some services for those that are socially excluded. (Horner, 2003, p.17) Contemporary social work can be seen to play a crucial role in relation to current social problems, concerns about wide spread substance abuse and problems of social disintegration among others. (Horner, 2003, p.26) Social work deteriorated in the 1980s and 1990s in Britain under the Conservative government. There was little direct political concern with social services during the Conservative, Thatcher administration. (Payne, 2005, p.97)The reasons for the deterioration were: ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢service failures, particularly in the area of child protection; a professional attack, both from the right wing and the left wing on its social policing role and a political attack on its role in the welfare stateââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Payne, 2005, p.94) The Labour government under Tony Blair came in to power in 1997. According to Payne, ââ¬Ëwhile social care was not a major plank of policy, it was affected by general government policies and priorities, which focused on education and healthââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Payne, 2005, p.103) The government initiated a modernization agenda which focused on effective delivery of services; including cooperation amongst the multi-agencies and involving service usersââ¬â¢ ow n priorities. The government laid a lot of emphasis on improved care for children and the mentally ill. However, most of the labour governmentââ¬â¢s policy were slowing building on past policies and did not take a new direction. (Payne, 2005, p.103) The labour government introduced the quality improvement projects. The labour government also brought about increased legislation in to the realm of social work. The General Social Care Council was also set up to take over responsibility for regulating social work education. Mental health social work has seen a lot of changes in recent years. The 1980s and 1990s saw the closure of the many long stay Victorian asylums and the development of community based alternatives. (Cree and Davis, 2007, p.60) The Mental Health Act 1983 was a land mark legislation in many respects. Section 114 of the Act requires local authorities to provide an approved social worker for mental health service users. The NHS and Community Care Act 1990 provided a frame work for the organisation and delivery of services under existing legislation. The Act tried to alter the balance of care in four fundamental directions: ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢ from institutional care to community based care; from public sector to independent sector provision; from NHS to local government responsibilities and from supply led services to needs led servicesââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Horner, 2003, p.76) The social worker had a key role to play in identifying the range and location of services. (Horner, 2003, p.77) The Childrenââ¬â¢s Act 1989 reformed the law relating to children. Contemporary social work practice with children, young people and their families is largely governed by the Childrenââ¬â¢s Act of 1989. (Horner, 2003, p.46) The Childrenââ¬â¢s Act 2004 provides the legal basis on how social workers, collaborate with other agencies to ensure that the best interest of the child is protected and achieved at all times. The Human Rights Act 1988, incorporated in to English laws, the European Convention on Human Rights. It gives individuals the power to challenge gross abuses of civil liberties and it also requires legal an administrative action to take account of human rights in the course of any action they under take. (Payne, 2005, p.104) The future of social work in England and Wales appear to lie in a range of roles in diverse services, heavily regulated by the government and the development of multi professional work, where the social worker interacts with other professions roles. (Payne, 2005, p.105) Professional principles and values of social work Social work is a highly regulated profession these days. It is a very difficult and complex profession and any one coming in to the profession will need to exhibit the right temperament. You will need to be in control of your emotions at all times and also avoid being judgemental or stereotyping people. There are professional principles and values social workers must exhibit. A social worker at all times must maintain the dignity and worth of service users. The social worker should always bear in mind, that she is there to help the service user get back on his feet and not to control him or run his life. A social worker ought to be aware and value the rights and duties of individuals, their families, groups and the entire community at all times. A social worker must believe in the principle of social justice. This includes ââ¬Ëââ¬â¢fair access to public services and benefits to achieve human potentials; social development and environmental management in the interests of present and future human welfareââ¬â¢Ã¢â¬â¢. (Horner, 2003, p.135) A social worker will need to treat all service users with respect and without any bias based on their sex, colour, or creed. For example, a social worker should have an open mind when working with a paedophile or some one that is mentally unwell. A social workerââ¬â¢s primary objective is the promotion of social justice. The social worker has as one of his fundamental goals, to meet the personal and social needs of service users in order to help them meet and develop their potentials. One core value of the social worker is confidentiality. A social worker must maintain absolute confidentiality when dealing with a service user. The social worker should not divulge any information without first obtaining the consent of the service user. This also goes to show that the case worker respects the service user. A social worker must possess integrity. This comprises all the elements of honesty, reliability, openness, equity, and fairness. A social worker needs to be competent in the discharge of her duties. This entails keeping abreast with new laws and legislations in the field of social work. A social worker needs to address at all times, injustice in the system and explore ways of eliminating them. The social worker should also expose any bad policies that contribute to hardship and social exclusion in society. The social worker should also at all time up hold the civil and political rights of service users as well as their economic and social rights. Conclusion Social work has a long way. The profession of social worker is highly regulated today in England and Wales. The work of the social worker is to help vulnerable people in the society, within the constraints of legislations, so that they can get back on to their feet and get on with their lives. A lot of professional principles and values are expected to be imbibed by the modern social worker. Despite the very complex nature of social work and countless policies and legislation, the value of the social worker in our society today can not be overemphasised. Social workers today are highly trained professionals who despite their challenging and demanding jobs continue to ensure that vulnerable people and those that are socially excluded are given all the protection and support they need in order for them to take back control of their lives. Bibliography Collins (2002) Internet based dictionary of social work, Harper Collins, Glasgow Cree, V.E and Davis, A (2002) Social work, voice from the inside, Routledge, Oxon Horner, N (2003) What is Social work? Context and Perspectives, Learning Matters, Exeter Koprowska, J (2008) Communications and interpersonal skills in social work, 2nd Edition, Learning Matters, Exeter Lymbery, M and Postle, K (2007) Social work: A companion to learning, SAGE, London Payne, M (1997) Modern social work theory, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke Payne, M (2005) The origins of social work, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke Shardlow, S and Payne, M (1998) Contemporary issues in social work: Western Europe, Arena, Aldershot Thompson, N (2000) Understanding social work, Palgrave Macmillan, Basingstoke
Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Hiring Police Officers Essay -- Security Safety Law Enforcement Essays
Hiring Police Officers Hiring police officers to perform private security work has positive aspects and potential pitfalls. Business owners vary in their opinion on hiring police officers. Liability and cost are reasons some prefer to hire private security guards or take other security measures. Other business owners prefer the training, professionalism, deterrence, and authority that come with hiring a police officer. Due to lawsuits involving off-duty police officers, the Courts have had to develop tests to determine when a moonlighting police officer is working under the authority of the private company or in the role of a peace officer. Issues have arisen about the difference in police mentality and retail service. Some argue that police officers are not trained in the motto that the ââ¬Ëcustomer is always rightââ¬â¢. Others believe additional training can bridge the gap. Hiring off-duty police officers is big business and a growing field that benefits the community and the officer. Pros and cons of hiring police officers to engage in private security work à à à à à The employment of off-duty officers in private security is a big business. An estimated 150,000 law enforcement officers engage in private security work on off-duty hours, and their combined income reaches $1.8 billion annually. The combined revenue of secondary police officer employment exceeds that of the combined top four security companies in 1988 (Trimble 1993). There are many positive aspects of the program that benefit the community and the officer. But to some the positives aspects do not outweigh the negative consequences of hiring police officers. In this paper, I will discuss the positive and negative aspects of hiring police officers for private security details, as well as, my personal experience, case law, and the polices of different police departments. HIRING OFF-DUTY POLICE OFFICERS Why would a company want to pay for a police officer to work a security detail at their store or facility? Police officers generally cost more to hire than a traditional security guard. What are the advantages that justify the cost? First, letââ¬â¢s define what is an off-duty police officer? Police are traditionally thought to be on-duty 24 hours a day. When officers are not actually working at the department, their law enforcement authority is in a type of reserve status. It is not necessary fo... ...NCES Beaver, D. When police walk the security beat. Retrieved November 14th, 2004, from http://www.amguard.com/featured_article.htm Brooks, B. Off duty police patrol shops along US 78. Gwinnett Daily Post Online Edition. Retrieved on November 14, 2004, from http://www.gwinnettdailyonline/GDP/archive/article78D9E0F872E44EBB9F88 Eiserer, T. (2001 October 28). Retailers face criticism over use of off duty police officers for security. Forth Worth Star ââ¬â Telegram. Malcolm, A. (1989, February 26). When private employers hire public police. New York Times, p. 1 Oââ¬â¢Leary, C. (1985, December 1). Minyard insisting on off duty police for security. Supermarket News, v. 46 n. 30 p. 18 Peck, D. (1999, October). When police walk the security beat. Security Magazine, v. 43 i. 10 p. 38 Scarlett, T. (2001, April). Private employees of off duty police may be liable in Tennessee. Trial, v. 37 i. 4 p. 32 Spain, N. (2002 October) Debate over using off duty police: Which argument rings true for you? Security Management, v. 37 n. 2 p. 65 Tolchin, M. (1985, December 1). Off duty officers doubling as private guards, but the system draws criticism. New York Times, v. 135 p. 41
John Stewarat Mills On Liberty and the Subjection of Women Essay
John Stewarat Mill's On Liberty and the Subjection of Women Born in 1806, John Stewart Mill was an English philosopher who highly prized the Utilitarian belief system, or the doctrine of seeking the greatest amount of good for the greatest amount of people. Among his various political treatises, On Liberty and The Subjection of Women are excellent applications of his convictions in individualism and negative government. Though the subjects of each work differ to an extent, both are written in a dialogue format, and the general principles postulated in On Liberty can be easily applied to the second work. Essentially, Mill seeks to assert the importance of certain personal rights and freedoms, moral beliefs, and the integrity of the individual. The Subjection of Women incorporates concepts from On Liberty and defines them via concrete application to a real social problem. The crucial idea supported throughout On Liberty is stated by Mill in Chapter 1: ââ¬Å"That the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. His own good, either physical or moral, is not a sufficient warrantâ⬠(9). This statement encapsulates Millââ¬â¢s view that government should serve a negative role, or rather, interfere in the lives of the people only for the prevention of harm. Further, this assumes to an extent that the individual has some degree of common sense, morality, or knowledge of how to care for one ââ¬â¢s self. In The Subjection of Woman, Mill stretches this ideal to women to explain the irrationality behind the governmentââ¬â¢s relegation of women to second-class citizens against their will. Millââ¬â¢s opponents assert that women are known to be inferior, both ... ...shment of friendship through deliberation, so too will the inclusion of women into intellectual society color and expand the depth of knowledge. ââ¬Å"Womenââ¬â¢s thoughts are thus as useful in giving reality to those of thinking men, as menââ¬â¢s thoughts in giving width and largess to those of womenâ⬠(Women 63). In essence, Mill asserts that ââ¬Å"true wisdomâ⬠only comes from those who ââ¬Å"hear what can be said about [a subject] by persons of every opinion, and study all modes in which it can be looked at by every character of mindâ⬠(On Liberty 19). Therefore, The Subjection of Women expounds this notion by explaining the fallacy and potential dangers of ignoring the feminine potential. Throughout both works, his views are consistent toward preserving the individual, encouraging free thinking, and progressing society to a point past social prejudices and negative presuppositions.
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